Lake Titicaca
Jezero Titikaka
Puno
Puno is a city in southeastern Peru, located on the shore of Lake Titicaca at 3800 meters above sea level. It is the capital city of the Puno Region and the Puno Province with a population of approximately 145,000.
The city was established in 1668.
Puno
Puno je grad u jugoistočnom Peruu, koji se nalazi na obali jezera Titicaca na 3800 metara nadmorske visine. Glavni je grad regije Puno i provincije Puno sa oko 145.000 stanovnika.
Grad je osnovan 1668. godine.
Floating islands of Uros people
The Uru Islands are located in Lake Titicaca at 3,810 m above sea level, and only five kilometers east of the port of Puno. There are only about 2000-2500 descendants of your. Although only a few hundred still live and maintain the islands; Most of them moved to the mainland. The Uru also bury their dead on land in special cemeteries.
The Uru or Uros are the indigenous peoples of Bolivia and Peru. They live on a growing group of about 120 floating islands.
The Uru considered themselves to be the owners of the lake and water. According to legend, the Uru were said to have black blood, because they did not feel cold. They called themselves Lupihaques, "sons of the Sun." Although the Uru language is almost extinct, the Uru still maintain their identity and some old customs.
The purpose of settling on the water was originally defensive: Islands can be moved if a threat arises. The largest island usually has an watch tower.
The Uru use bundles of dried totoro canes to make cane boats and to make the islands themselves. The base is made of large pallets of floating totora roots, which are tied with ropes and covered with multiple layers of totora reeds. These dense roots that the plants develop and intertwine form a natural layer called khili (about one to two meters thick), which are the main ones for the flotation and stability of the island. They are anchored by ropes attached to large pillars of eucalyptus trees that are driven into the bottom of the lake. When the khili pallets are tied together and anchored, multiple layers of cut reeds are added. The bottom layer of the covering reeds rots quite quickly, so new layers of reeds are added on top, about every two weeks to three months depending on the weather. This is especially important in the rainy season when the reeds rot much faster.
Each island lasts about 25 years. After 25 years, the water seeps through the reeds and the inhabitants build a new island and let the old one sink to the bottom of the lake.
On the larger islands there are about ten families, while the smaller ones, only about 30 meters wide, are inhabited by only two or three families.
Plutajuca ostrva naroda Uros
Ostrva Uru se nalaze u jezeru Titicaca na 3,810m nadmorske visine, i samo pet kilometara istočno od luke Puno. Ima samo oko 2000-2500 potomaka Uru. Iako samo nekoliko stotina još uvek živi i održava ostrva; većina se preselila na kopno. Uru takođe sahranjuju svoje mrtve na kopnu na posebnim grobljima.
Uru ili Uros su autohtoni narod Bolivije i Perua. Oni žive na još uvek rastućoj grupi od oko 120 plutajućih ostrva.
Uru su sebe smatrali vlasnicima jezera i vode. Prema legendi, Uru su govorili da imaju crnu krv, jer nisu osećali hladnoću. Oni su sebe zvali Lupihaques, "sinovi Sunca". Iako je jezik Uru skoro izumro, Uru i dalje održavaju svoj identitet i neke stare običaje.
Svrha naseljavanja na vodi je prvobitno bila odbrambena: Ostvra mogu biti premestena ako se pojavi pretnja. Najveće ostrvo obicno ima kulu osmatracnicu.
Uru koriste snopove sušene trske totora da naprave čamce od trske i da naprave sama ostrva. Baza je napravljena od velikih paleta plutajućih korena totore, koji su vezani konopcima i prekriveni višestrukim slojevima trske totore. Ovi gusti koreni koje biljke razvijaju i isprepliću formiraju prirodni sloj koji se zove khili (debljine oko jedan do dva metra), koji su glavni za flotaciju i stabilnost ostrva. Oni su usidreni konopcima pričvršćenim za velike stubove eukaliptusa koji su pobodeni u dno jezera. Kada su khili palete vezane zajedno i usidrene, dodaje se više slojeva isečene trske. Donji sloj pokrivne trske trune prilično brzo, tako da se novi slojevi trske dodaju na vrh, otprilike svake dve nedelje do tri meseca u zavisnosti od vremena. Ovo je posebno važno u kišnoj sezoni kada trska trune mnogo brže.
Svako ostrvo traje oko 25 godina. Posle 25 godina, voda prodire kroz trsku i stanovnici grade novo ostrvo i puštaju staro da potone na dno jezera.
Na većim ostrvima se nalazi oko deset porodica, dok manja, široka samo tridesetak metara, naseljavaju samo dve ili tri porodice.
Taquile Island
Taquile is an island on the Peruvian side of Lake Titicaca 4 km offshore from the city of Puno. About 2,200 people live on the island, which is 5.5 by 1.6 kilometres (3.4 by 1.0 mile) in size (maximum measurements), with an area of 5.72 km2. The highest point of the island is 4,050 metres above sea level and the main village is at 3,950 metres. The inhabitants, known as Taquileños, speak Puno Quechua.
In 2005, "Taquile and Its Textile Art" were honored by being proclaimed "Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" by UNESCO.
Ostrvo Taquile
Takuile je ostrvo na peruanskoj strani jezera Titicaca 4 km od obale od grada Puno. Oko 2.200 ljudi živi na ostrvu, koje je veličine 5,5 do 1,6 kilometara (3,4 do 1,0 milje) (maksimalna merenja), sa površinom od 5,72 km2. Najviša tačka ostrva je 4.050 metara nadmorske visine, a glavno selo je na 3.950 metara. Stanovnici, poznati kao Takuilenos, govore puno kečua.
2005. god, "Takuile i njegova tekstilna umetnost" su počastvovani tako što su proglašeni "Remek-delom usmenog i nematerijalnog nasleđa čovečanstva" od strane UNESCO-a.
