Jaipur
Jaipur is the capital and the largest city of the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan. As of 2011, the city has a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Located 268 km from the national capital New Delhi, Jaipur is also known as the Pink City due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings in old city.
Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Singh II, the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler of Amer, after whom the city is named. It is one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. During the British colonial period, the city served as the capital of Jaipur State. After Indian independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan in 1949.
Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India, forming a part of the west Golden triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra.
The city has two World heritage sites of Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar.
On 6 July 2019, the city was named to the World Heritage Cities list. It is also known as Paris of India.
Dzajpur (Ruzicasti Grad)
Džajpur je glavni i najveći grad severozapadne indijske države Radžastan. Grad ima 3,1 milion stanovnika, što ga čini desetim gradom po broju stanovnika u zemlji. Smešten 268 km od glavnog grada Nju Delhija, Džajpur je poznat i kao Ružičasti grad zbog dominantne šeme boja svojih zgrada u starom gradu.
Džajpur je 1727. godine osnovao Savai Jai Singh II, Kachhvaha Rajput vladar Amera, po kome je grad i dobio ime. To je jedan od najranijih planiranih gradova moderne Indije. Tokom britanskog kolonijalnog perioda, grad je služio kao glavni grad države Džajpur. Nakon indijske nezavisnosti 1947. godine, Džajpur je 1949. godine postao glavni grad novoformirane države Radžastan.
Džajpur je popularna turistička destinacija u Indiji, koja čini deo zapadnog Zlatnog trougla zajedno sa Delhijem i Agrom.
Grad ima dva mesta svetske baštine, Amer Fort i Jantar Mantar.
6. jula 2019. grad je stavljen na listu gradova svetske baštine. Poznat je i kao Pariz Indije.
Amer (Amber) Fort
Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, a town located 11 kilometres from Jaipur. Located high on a hill, it is the principal tourist attraction in Jaipur. Amer Fort is known for its artistic style elements. With its large ramparts and series of gates and cobbled paths, the fort overlooks Maota Lake.
Amer Palace is great example of Rajput architecture. Some of its buildings and work have influence of Mughal architecture. Constructed of red sandstone and marble, the attractive, opulent palace is laid out on four levels, each with a courtyard. It consists of the Diwan-e-Aam, or "Hall of Public Audience", the Diwan-e-Khas, or "Hall of Private Audience", the Sheesh Mahal (mirror palace), or Jai Mandir, and the Sukh Niwas where a cool climate is artificially created by winds that blow over a water cascade within the palace.
The palace was the residence of the Rajput Maharajas and their families.
At the entrance to the palace near the fort's Ganesh Gate, there is a temple dedicated to Shila Devi, a Goddess of the Chaitanya cult, which was given to Raja Man Singh when he defeated the Raja of Jessore, Bengal in 1604. (Jessore is now in Bangladesh).
Raja Man Singh had 12 queens so he made 12 rooms, one for each Queen. Each room had a staircase connected to the King’s room but the Queens were not to go upstairs.
Raja Jai Singh had only one queen so he built one room equal to three old queen’s rooms.
Amer (Amber) Fort
Amer Fort ili Amber Fort je utvrđenje koje se nalazi u Ameru, gradu koji se nalazi 11 kilometara od Džajpura. Smešten visoko na brdu, glavna je turistička atrakcija u Džajpuru. Tvrđava Amer je poznata po svojim elementima umetničkog stila. Sa svojim velikim bedemima i nizom kapija i kaldrmisanih staza, tvrđava gleda na jezero Maota.
Palata Amer je odličan primer Rajputske arhitekture. Neke od njegovih zgrada i dela imaju uticaj mogulske arhitekture. Izgrađena od crvenog peščara i mermera, atraktivna, raskošna palata je raspoređena na četiri nivoa, svaki sa dvorištem. Sastoji se od Divan-e-Aam, ili "Dvorana za javnu publiku", Divan-e-Khas, ili "Sala za privatnu publiku", Sheesh Mahal (palata ogledala), ili Jai Mandir, i Sukh Nivas gdje hladna klima je veštački stvorena vetrovima koji duvaju preko vodene kaskade unutar palate.
Palata je bila rezidencija Rajput Maharadza i njihovih porodica.
Na ulazu u palatu u blizini Ganeš kapije tvrđave nalazi se hram posvećen Šili Devi, boginji Chaitania kulta, koji je dat Raja Man Singhu kada je pobedio Radžu iz Džesora u Bengalu 1604. (Jessore je sada u Bangladešu).
Raja Man Singh je imao 12 kraljica tako da je napravio 12 soba, po jednu za svaku kraljicu. Svaka soba je imala stepenište povezano sa kraljevom sobom, ali kraljice nisu smele da idu na sprat.
Raja Jai Singh je imao samo jednu kraljicu pa je napravio jednu sobu jednaku trima starim sobama kraljice.
The City Palace Jaipur
The City Palace, is a royal residence and former administrative headquarters of the rulers of the Jaipur State in Jaipur,
Construction started soon after the establishment of the city of Jaipur under the reign of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, who moved his court to Jaipur from Amber, in 1727. Jaipur remained the capital of the kingdom until 1949—when it became the capital of the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan—with the City Palace functioning as the ceremonial and administrative seat of the Maharaja of Jaipur. The construction of the Palace was completed in 1732 and it was also the location of religious and cultural events, as well as a patron of arts, commerce, and industry. It was constructed according to the rules of vastushastra, combining elements of Mughal and Rajput architectural styles. It now houses the Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II Museum, and continues to be the home of the Jaipur royal family. The royal family has around 500 personal servants. The palace complex has several buildings, various courtyards, galleries, restaurants, and offices of the Museum Trust.
Gradska Palata Dzajpura
Gradska palata je kraljevska rezidencija i nekadašnje administrativno sedište vladara države Džajpur.
Izgradnja je počela ubrzo nakon uspostavljanja grada Džajpura pod vladavinom Maharaje Savai Jai Singha II, koji je preselio svoj dvor u Džajpur iz Ambera, 1727. Džajpur je ostao glavni grad kraljevstva do 1949 — kada je postao glavni grad današnja indijska država Radžastan — sa Gradskom palatom koja funkcioniše kao ceremonijalno i administrativno sedište maharaže iz Džajpura.
Izgradnja palate je završena 1732. godine, a bila je i mesto verskih i kulturnih događaja, kao i pokrovitelj umetnosti, trgovine i industrije. Izgrađena je prema pravilima vastušastre, kombinujući elemente mogulskog i radžputskog arhitektonskog stila. U palati se sada nalazi muzej Maharaja Savai Man Singh II. I dalje je dom kraljevske porodice Džajpura. Kraljevska porodica ima oko 500 slugu. Kompleks palate ima nekoliko zgrada, razna dvorišta, galerije, restorane i kancelarije Muzejskog fonda
Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal (famously known as the “palace of winds“) is a palace built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the Zenana, or women's chambers.
Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh built this palace in 1799. Hawa Mahal is considered to be unique as it has many small windows and balconies that seem like a honeycomb.
He was so inspired by the unique structure of Khetri Mahal that he built this grand and historical palace.
It was designed by Lal Chand Ustad. Its five-floor exterior is akin to a honeycomb with its 953 small windows called Jharokhas decorated with intricate latticework. The original intent of the lattice design was to allow royal ladies to observe everyday life and festivals celebrated in the street below without being seen. This architectural feature also allowed cool air from the Venturi effect to pass through, thus making the whole area more pleasant during the high temperatures in summer. Many people see the Hawa Mahal from the street view and think it is the front of the palace, but it is the back.
Hawa Mahal (Palata Vetrova)
Hava Mahal (poznata kao “Palata Vetrova”) je Izgrađen od crvenog i ružičastog peščara, nalazi se na obodu Gradske palate i prostire se do Zenane, ili ženskih odaja.
Maharadža Savai Pratap Sing sagradio je ovu palatu 1799. Hava Mahal se smatra jedinstvenom jer ima mnogo malih prozora i balkona koji izgledaju kao saće. Bio je toliko inspirisan jedinstvenom strukturom Ketri Mahala da je sagradio ovu veliku i istorijsku palatu.
Dizajnirao ga je Lal Chand Ustad. Njegova spoljašnjost na pet spratova je slična saću sa 953 mala prozora nazvana Jharokhas ukrašena složenim rešetkama. Prvobitna namera rešetkastog dizajna bila je da omogući kraljevskim damama da posmatraju svakodnevni život i festivale koji se slave na ulici ispod, a da ne budu vidjene. Ova arhitektonska karakteristika je takođe omogućila prolazak hladnog vazduha iz Venturi efekta, čineći tako čitav prostor prijatnijim tokom visokih letnjih temperatura.
Mnogi ljudi vide Hava Mahal sa ulice i misle da je to prednji deo palate, ali je ustvari zadnji.
Jantar Mantar
The Jantar Mantar is a collection of 19 astronomical instruments built by the Rajput king Sawai Jai Singh, the founder of Jaipur. The monument was completed in 1734. It features the world's largest stone sundial, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is near City Palace and Hawa Mahal. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. The observatory is an example of the Ptolemaic positional astronomy which was shared by many civilizations.
The monument features instruments operating in each of the three main classical celestial coordinate systems: the horizon-zenith local system, the equatorial system, and the ecliptic system. The Kanmala Yantraprakara is one that works in two systems and allows transformation of the coordinates directly from one system to the other.
Jantar Mantar
Jantar Mantar je zbirka od 19 astronomskih instrumenata koje je izgradio kralj Rajputa Savai Jai Singh, osnivač Džajpura. Spomenik je završen 1734. Na njemu se nalazi najveći kameni sunčani sat na svetu i nalazi se na Uneskovoj listi svetske baštine. Nalazi se u blizini Gradske palate i Hava Mahala. Instrumenti omogućavaju posmatranje astronomskih položaja golim okom. Opservatorija je primer ptolomejske pozicione astronomije koju su delile mnoge civilizacije.
Spomenik sadrži instrumente koji rade u svakom od tri glavna klasična nebeska koordinatna sistema: lokalnom sistemu horizont-zenit, ekvatorijalnom sistemu i ekliptičkom sistemu. Kanmala Iantraprakara je ona koja radi u dva sistema i omogućava transformaciju koordinata direktno iz jednog sistema u drugi.
Birla Mandir
Birla Mandir(Lakshmi Narayan Temple) is a Hindu temple and is one of many Birla mandirs. It was built by the B.M. Birla Foundation in 1988 and is constructed solely of white marble. It is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Lakshmi and god Vishnu (Narayan), whose images appear inside, along with other Hindu gods and goddesses and selections from the Gita and Upanishads. It is located in Jaipur's Tilak Nagar neighborhood near Moti Dungari hill.
Birla Mandir
Birla Mandir (Hram Lakshmi Narajan) je hinduistički hram i jedan je od mnogih Birla mandira. Izgradila ga je B.M. Birla fondacija 1988. Godine. Napravljen je isključivo od belog mermera. Posvećen je hindu boginji Lakšmi i bogu Višnu (Narajan), čije se slike nalaze unutra, zajedno sa drugim hindu bogovima i boginjama i citatima iz Gite i Upanišada.
Nalazi se u kvartu Tilak Nagar u Džajpuru u blizini brda Moti Dungari.
